Spinal Frontiers · Medtech & Innovation · Spine Theatre Builder
Equipping a spine operating theatre, area by area: who makes what, listed alphabetically.
Planning or re-equipping a spine theatre? A neutral A–Z of the makers in each equipment area, with a link to each product page. No rankings, no prices and no recommendations: compare for yourself.
Listings are a selection made at NSpine's editorial discretion and are not exhaustive. Inclusion is not an endorsement, and omission implies nothing.
Allen Advance spine table; Allen Spine System, lateral package and Bow Frame spine positioners; TruSystem 7500 OR table with Carbon Spine tabletop; AAT XR spine table announced at AORN 2026 with US availability expected in the second half of 2026
Product page →Source checked
Foam-based patient positioning systems for orthopaedic and spine procedures, including a Universal Prone Positioning System and the Nextend anterior cervical positioning system
Product page →Source checked
Maquet Magnus and Otesus OR table systems; Maquet mobile tables (Corin, Meera, Lyra, Betaclassic, Yuno II); neurosurgical and positioning accessories
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medifa 8000 carbon imaging operating table with 360-degree radiolucent surface; medifa 5000-7000 mobile operating tables
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ProAxis spinal surgery table; Trios, Modular Table System and Allegro imaging tables; Wilson Plus radiolucent lumbar frame; ProneView helmet, Levo head positioner and GentleTouch prone pillows
Product page →Source checked
Schaerer 7300 spine table (converts to an open-frame four-post prone table); ARCUS mobile tables; Carbon Spine Frame (CSF) accessory
Product page →Source checked
Surgical tables including the 3008 Clarity imaging table and top-slide/rotation tables (UltraSlide, Elite, Hercules)
Product page →Source checked
CMAX image-guided surgical table with 360-degree radiolucent carbon-fibre top; 4095 and 7080 general tables with long imaging windows
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Loop-X mobile robotic imaging device (2D fluoroscopy and 3D cone-beam CT) with spine incision planning and longitudinal scans for multi-level constructs
Product page →Source checked
Persona C mobile fluoroscopy C-arm for surgical imaging (the product page does not name spine specifically)
Product page →Source checked
OEC 3D mobile 2D/3D imaging C-arm with Spine Suite planning tools (screw detection, vertebra labelling)
Product page →Source checked
Excelsius3D mobile imaging (3D cone-beam CT, 2D fluoroscopy and radiography) with automatic registration to ExcelsiusGPS
Product page →Source checked
O-arm O2 surgical imaging system (2D and 3D, 360-degree gantry) with O-arm 4.3 software (3D Long Scan, Spine Smart Dose); pairs with StealthStation navigation
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Zenition mobile C-arm family (Zenition 70 with spine settings and navigation link; Zenition 50); Azurion hybrid OR systems with SmartCT cone-beam CT for spine
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Cios Spin mobile 2D/3D C-arm (Screw Scout, NaviLink 3D interface to navigation systems); ARTIS pheno robotic C-arm for hybrid OR spine work
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Airo TruCT mobile intraoperative fan-beam CT (32-row detector, DICOM export to navigation)
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Ziehm Vision RFD 3D mobile C-arm with 3D imaging and screw visualisation for spinal surgery
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Aesculap Aeos robotic digital surgical microscope platform, used in neurosurgery and spine surgery
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VITOM exoscope family, including the VITOM eagle exoscope (named for ENT, neurosurgery and spinal surgery) and VITOM 3D
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ARveo 8 digital visualisation microscope (oculars, 4K 3D heads-up or MyVeo headset; GLOW800 fluorescence); PROvido and M530 OHX surgical microscopes; spine surgery listed as an application
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Microsurgery and 3D imaging products, including MM-series stands (e.g. MM51, MM90) and HawkSight; spine listed among specialties
Product page →Source checked
ORBEYE 4K 3D exoscope (zoom x1-x26, heads-up viewing), presented for spine surgery among other specialties
Product page →Source checked
Modus X robotic exoscope with 4K 3D optics and fluorescence visualisation
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KINEVO 900 S robotic visualisation system / surgical microscope, presented for brain and spine surgery
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Figures only where the maker publishes them; "not published" means ask the maker for its site-planning guide.
| Maker and system | Type | Room size | Weight or floor load | Also needs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GE HealthCare Discovery IGS 7 OR (hybrid OR angiography on a mobile, laser-guided gantry) | hybrid suite | Minimum room size stated as 35 m² (377 ft²) | not published | Untethered gantry with no floor rails or ceiling suspension, so it can be parked aside when not in use; integrated with Maquet Magnus radiolucent tabletops | Spec ↗ |
| Philips Azurion 7 hybrid OR (example room layouts) | hybrid suite | Example layout (not a stated minimum): operating room 68.3 m², control room 15.2 m², technical room 10.1 m² | not published | Ceiling structural support level at 2,700 mm or 2,900 mm above finished floor (+10/−0 mm) in the example drawing; Philips states the drawing is for inspiration only and site-specific design must be agreed with Philips | Spec ↗ |
| Siemens Healthineers ARTIS pheno (robotic C-arm for hybrid OR) | hybrid suite | Recommended room ≥ 68 m² (732 ft²); minimum technical room size 35 m² (377 ft²) | not published | Floor-mounted robotic C-arm, leaving the ceiling free; 130 cm source-to-image distance and 95.5 cm usable clearance; flexible isocentre working height 104–150 cm needs the optional syngo DynaCT Large Volume | Spec ↗ |
| Siemens Healthineers Nexaris Angio-CT and Nexaris Angio-MR-CT therapy suites | hybrid suite | not published (Siemens offers project-specific layout planning) | not published | Angio-MR-CT combines ARTIS angiography, MAGNETOM MRI and a SOMATOM CT on rails in one environment, with the PILOT patient-transfer system (developed with Getinge); in the Angio-CT suite the CT can slide between rooms and be parked when not in use | Spec ↗ |
| Stryker Airo TruCT (mobile intraoperative CT, originally Mobius Imaging) | intraoperative CT | not published | 816 kg (1,800 lb) plus optional column 159 kg (350 lb) | Battery-driven mobility (about 1 mph forward); recharges from a standard outlet; 32-row CT with 1 m scan range; footprint and bore not stated on the official page | Spec ↗ |
| IMRIS (IMRIS Imaging, Inc.) InVision 3T Operating Suite (moving intraoperative MRI) | intraoperative MRI | not published (offered as two-room or three-room suites: diagnostic room plus one or two operating rooms, each with a control room) | Magnet weight 5,500 kg with cryogens (3 T, 70 cm bore, magnet length 1.72 m) | Magnet travels on a ceiling-mounted rail system between the diagnostic room and adjacent operating rooms; actively shielded magnet with external interference shielding; air curtain around the patient on the OR table | Spec ↗ |
| Brainlab Loop-X mobile robotic imaging (2D/3D cone-beam CT) | mobile 3D imaging | not published | not published | Footprint stated as 1.5 m²; gantry opening 121 cm; 43 × 43 cm flat-panel detector | Spec ↗ |
| Globus Medical Excelsius3D intraoperative imaging | mobile 3D imaging | not published | not published (spec sheet available on request only) | not published | Spec ↗ |
| Medtronic O-arm O2 surgical imaging system | mobile 3D imaging | not published | not published on the product page (Medtronic refers to a separate Technical Specification Guide covering environmental and power specifications) | 40 cm field of view and 3D long scan up to 43.8 cm | Spec ↗ |
| ATEC Spine (Alphatec) Valence robotic guidance and navigation | spine robot | not published | not published | not published | Spec ↗ |
| Brainlab Cirq robotic arm | spine robot | not published | not published (described as lightweight) | Mounts on the operating-table side rail with a stabilising brace, so it takes no floor space; 7 degrees of freedom; no separate control unit | Spec ↗ |
| Globus Medical ExcelsiusGPS robotic navigation and ExcelsiusHub navigation | spine robot | not published | not published (spec sheet on request) | ExcelsiusGPS has a mobile base station and separate camera stand; ExcelsiusHub is a single-footprint cart with an integrated 6-foot camera arm and two 27-inch touchscreens | Spec ↗ |
| Johnson & Johnson MedTech (DePuy Synthes) VELYS Active Robotic-Assisted System (VELYS SPINE), developed with eCential Robotics | spine robot | not published | not published | not published; launched in the US in August 2024 with commercial availability expected in the first half of 2025 | Spec ↗ |
| Medtronic Mazor X Stealth Edition robotic guidance | spine robot | not published | not published | not published on the official page checked | Spec ↗ |
| Medtronic Stealth AXiS surgical system (integrated planning, navigation and robotics) | spine robot | not published | not published | not published; FDA-cleared for spine on 13 February 2026, with a modular design for hospitals and ambulatory surgery centres and LiveAlign real-time tracking of anatomical motion | Spec ↗ |
| Zimmer Biomet ROSA ONE Spine | spine robot | not published | not published | not published; FDA-cleared in 2019 for thoracolumbar procedures, with dynamic tracking so no attachment to the patient or table is needed | Spec ↗ |
Nexxis (AV-over-IP)
Network platform that carries uncompressed 4K surgical video and audio between devices and displays in the theatre, between theatres and out to auditoriums.
Product page →Source checked
Buzz digital O.R. (Buzz Navigation, Buzz Compact, Buzz In-Wall)
Network-based hub for routing, displaying, streaming and recording images, video and planning software, with a ceiling-mounted version that combines it with navigation.
Product page →Source checked
Surgical lights with integrated SD/HD video cameras; video systems
Bavarian maker of operating and examination lights that offers cameras built into the light head for recording and transmitting the operative field.
Product page →Source checked
Tegris OR integration
Touchscreen platform that routes and records video up to 4K, streams live for teaching and consultation, and links to hospital systems via HL7 and DICOM.
Product page →Source checked
OR1 (OR1 NEO, OR1 AIR, AIDA documentation)
Integration system for controlling devices from the sterile field, managing 4K audio and video, documenting cases and streaming with two-way telestration.
Product page →Source checked
EASYSUITE (ES-IP; earlier ENDOALPHA)
Modular procedure-room integration built around a digital hub that routes 4K video over IP, captures several sources and sends images to EHR and PACS.
Product page →Source checked
NUCLeUS
Vendor-neutral imaging platform that records, organises and distributes HD and 4K surgical video and stills across the hospital network and into patient records.
Product page →Source checked
HexaVue IP integration system
Network-based 4K system for capturing, displaying and distributing theatre video, with its hardware housed outside the room to cut cabling.
Product page →Source checked
iSuite with Connected OR operating system
Integrated theatre combining Stryker cameras, lights, booms, displays and a scalable 4K video-routing platform under one device-control system.
Product page →Source checked
Stryker Endoscopy (FDA 510(k) K254014)
The clearance covers voice and remote control of compatible theatre devices such as cameras, light sources, insufflators and pumps, plus digital documentation. 'SDC4K' here is a Stryker product name, not the IEEE SDC standard.
Source →Source checked
Yilmaz et al. (Frontiers in Digital Health)
The authors propose 'UI Profiles' that device makers would publish so that remote control of a device over IEEE 11073 SDC can be designed and risk-assessed safely. A small survey of eight manufacturers found interest, but the idea is not yet tested in hospitals.
Source →Source checked
Philips
Philips announced partnerships aimed at an open patient-monitoring ecosystem in which third-party devices connect using the SDC standards. The stated focus is hospital-wide alarm handling rather than the theatre specifically.
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GE HealthCare / OR.NET e.V.
GE HealthCare became a member of OR.NET, the association behind SDC, the ISO/IEEE 11073 protocol that lets devices from different makers share data and be controlled across the theatre and intensive care. It said it wants to speed up the standard's completion and uptake.
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Reutlingen University (Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering)
Engineers compared three ways of adding SDC-capable devices to an established theatre network and tested the most flexible one by linking an electrosurgical unit to an OR light in a research theatre. They think the approach could carry over to other mixed-vendor set-ups.
Source →Source checked
Medtronic (with NVIDIA)
The platform runs several AI applications on live surgical video; its first, an FDA-cleared alert when instruments leave the camera's view, works with the Hugo soft-tissue robot rather than spine systems. Medtronic plans to extend it to laparoscopic surgery.
Source →Source checked
Apella
Apella's computer-vision system watches theatres, logs 14 types of case event straight into the electronic record and predicts case length for scheduling. Houston Methodist grew its use from a 36-room pilot to more than 200 theatres.
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Paracchini et al. (Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica)
Across 21 studies, deep-learning models recognised surgical phases with 81–93% accuracy, but datasets were small and methods inconsistent. No spine studies were included; orthopaedic work was limited to hip replacement.
Source →Source checked
KARL STORZ, Artisight, NVIDIA
Pathway.AI uses cameras and ambient listening in the theatre to automate routine workflow steps, such as alerting staff when a case ends or a room needs cleaning. Artisight is building it into KARL STORZ's OR1 integration platform; commercial availability was not stated.
Source →Source checked
European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology
Four novices placed pedicle screws in sawbones before and after either VR or face-to-face training; misplacement fell sharply after both. With so few participants, the authors say larger studies are needed before calling the methods equivalent.
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Augmedics
X2 is a second-generation headset for the xvision Spine System, with roughly double the field of view and resolution, a detachable headlight and a tilting lens for seated or standing work. At announcement, delivery still depended on US FCC equipment authorisation.
Source →Source checked
Medivis
The platform combines augmented reality and AI to show holographic navigation for open and minimally invasive spine procedures and is designed to work with other vendors' implants and imaging. A US commercial launch was planned.
Source →Source checked
Samsung Medical Center and the ORchestra consortium (incl. Rainbow Robotics)
The government-funded project runs to December 2029 and still needs preclinical work, clinical trials and device approval.
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npj Digital Medicine (Kernbach, Brat, Topol, Rajpurkar et al.)
Direct high-risk surgical manoeuvres are kept outside the early framework.
Source →Source checked
UC San Diego (study published in Nature)
Surgeons used a remotely controlled humanoid robot, Surgie, built on a commercial humanoid, to perform two laparoscopic gallbladder removals in anaesthetised animals, one of them with two humanoids working together. The team reports frequent recalibration, longer operating times and control lag as problems still to solve.
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Johns Hopkins University researchers (arXiv preprint)
A teleoperated humanoid held the endoscope steady throughout a cadaveric sinus procedure performed by an ENT surgeon. The authors judge the humanoid form feasible but list engineering changes needed before any clinical use.
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Humanoid robots in theatre are research projects, not products: we track new demonstrations, trials and approvals each month.
Free guides to back-table and instrument set-up for spine cases are on For the Spine Team.
Lights and booms · Neuromonitoring (see Neuromonitoring) · Instruments and sterilisation. Suggest a maker we have missed via Feedback; companies can use Corrections.
Skull clamps and pin head holders, prone head positioners, cervical traction tongs, and the safety guidance on head fixation and eye protection in prone spine surgery. Operating tables and frames are listed above. Makers are listed with what their own pages state; not an endorsement.
Integra LifeSciences
Skull clamps: MAYFIELD Metal, Mayfield 2, MAYFIELD Infinity XR2 Radiolucent; disposable, reusable and speciality skull pins; Standard Metal, Ultra and Ghost base units; MAYFIELD Spine Table System. Page states Ghost is 'Narrow and Radiolucent' (excluding the mounting post) and fits CT scanners, O-arms and C-arms.
Note: Radiolucency statements only; the page makes no MRI or navigation-compatibility statement. Check the IFU for the specific model before iCT/iMRI use.
Product page →Source checked
Integra LifeSciences
Connect MAYFIELD skull clamps and horseshoe headrests to speciality spine tables (Jackson Spine Table named) for cervical spine procedures; A2600R connects radiolucent clamps/horseshoes via XR2 swivel adaptor.
Note: Sell sheet (marketing); A2600M swivel adaptor may be required and is not included.
Product page →Source checked
Black Forest Medical GmbH (formed 2019 by merger of pro med instruments and Feinmechanik GmbH; DORO brand)
3-pin rigid cranial fixation, completely metal-free clamp 'suitable for imaging procedures, using iCT or Angio'; slim spinal-frame version 'can be mounted to all established spinal OR tables and spinal frames'. Separate DORO LUCENT Brainlab navigation adaptor and iMRI cranial stabilisation system listed as related products.
Note: No MRI or navigation claim for these clamps themselves; MRI/navigation are separate products. Company history: https://blackforestmedical.com/company-history
Product page →Source checked
Micromar (Micromar Indústria e Comércio Ltda)
Cranial fixator for adult neurosurgery, compatible with most operating tables; aluminium/stainless steel construction; cranial fixation pins (MD0 series).
Note: Only a marketplace listing (MedicalExpo) opened, no maker site. No radiolucency or MRI statement. Country not confirmed.
Product page →Source checked
Mizuho (Mizuho America, Inc. for 510(k); MIZUHO CORPORATION in GUDID)
Four-point skull clamp with carbon-fibre structure (510(k) K955012, decision 12 Sep 1996); Multipurpose Head Frame components listed 'In Commercial Distribution' in GUDID.
Note: Regulatory records only; no maker product page opened. Old clearance; current product range unconfirmed.
Product page →Source checked
Mizuho OSI (exclusive worldwide distributor); manufactured by Dupaco, Inc.
Protective helmet, reflective mirror base ('continuous eye monitoring') and disposable contoured foam cushion inserts (S/M/L; adjustable and fixed-height helmets). States use on any general surgical table or Mizuho OSI spine top.
Note: Brochure claims ('meets AORN guidelines', '3 million cases with no reported pressure-related blindness') are manufacturer statements, not independent evidence. No radiolucency statement.
Product page →Source checked
Baxter (Hillrom / Allen Medical Systems)
Positions and supports the head in a variety of procedures incl. spine; 'Skull clamps can be attached using adapters.'
Note: Catalogue page has no radiolucency/mirror statements and no documents listed.
Product page →Source checked
STERIS
Gel patient positioner whose shape is described as 'ideal for spinal procedures'; not made with natural rubber latex.
Note: Body/chest positioner rather than a dedicated head holder; check STERIS prone-accessory range for head pieces.
Product page →Source checked
DeRoyal Industries, Inc.
Breathable high-density foam prone head positioner; 'Protects facial features when patient is placed in the prone position'; forearm support.
Note: Indications, CE mark and latex fields blank on page.
Product page →Source checked
AliMed
Polyurethane viscoelastic gel prone head pad (M and L) with ventilation-tube slots; neutral head position.
Note: Retail product page; no radiolucency statement.
Product page →Source checked
Merivaara Corp.
Prone positioning system for spine and back procedures: 4 pads incl. formed head pillow; optional face pillow with eye/nose/mouth and intubation cut-outs.
Note: Country not stated on page.
Product page →Source checked
Few makers still show traction tongs on a current product page; several entries come from regulator records. Check availability with your supplier.
Össur Americas (formerly The Jerome Group)
Open tong design in non-conductive E-glass (fibreglass); 510(k) K071173 (25 May 2007) lists 'Compatible w/X-ray, CT, MR'. GUDID J Tong record: 'MR Conditional'.
Note: GUDID lists Össur J Tong and Resolve halo ring kits as 'Not in Commercial Distribution' since 28 Feb 2020 - probably no longer sold; confirm with Össur.
Record →Source checked
DePuy Spine, LLC (Bremer brand, now DePuy Synthes)
510(k) K924606 (1993) 'Bremer Imaging Tongs-MRI Model'; GUDID Bremer tong pin set record.
Note: GUDID: Bremer tong pin set 'Not in Commercial Distribution' since 8 Mar 2017 - historical only.
Record →Source checked
Instrumed International, Inc. (parent Avalign Technologies as of 2017)
Recall records for a lock nut and a replacement screw for titanium traction tongs used 'to immobilize a patient with a cervical spine injury'.
Note: Source is a recall database (ICIJ), not a product page; date and reason of recall not stated. Confirms the manufacturer behind several Gardner-Wells brands but not current availability.
Record →Source checked
US Food and Drug Administration (copy hosted by Integra)
Over 1,000 slippage reports 2009-2016; inspect before/after each use, stability check, pin-site selection (avoid thin bone, orbit, vessels, prior craniotomy), pins near 90 degrees, torque per skull thickness, particular care with paediatric pins and torque; report events.
Note: Copy of FDA communication on a manufacturer server.
Read →Source checked
American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force with NANOS and SNACC
Preoperative risk, blood pressure, blood loss/fluids, vasopressors, head positioning (level or elevated, neutral, avoid direct eye pressure), staging, postoperative vision assessment.
Note: Summary page opened (Guideline Central); Original: pubs.asahq.org Anesthesiology 130(1):12.
Read →Source checked
Association of periOperative Registered Nurses (AORN)
Prone/Trendelenburg vision-loss risk (Recs 5.1, 6.1); shoulder braces no longer recommended (Rec 5.7); pressure-injury guideline points (high-spec support surfaces, validated risk tool).
Note: Summary article; full guideline is behind AORN membership.
Read →Source checked
Peer-reviewed review
Complications rare but often serious and avoidable - mainly pin-related vascular injury and skull fracture; conceptual framework for clamp application.
Note: Abstract only (aggregator page); cranial-focused but applies to clamp use in cervical spine surgery.
Read →Source checked
Peer-reviewed systematic review
IOP rises with time prone; direct eye pressure (incl. horseshoe headrests) risks CRAO; mitigation: slight reverse Trendelenburg, shorter prone time, staging, avoid eye pressure.
Note: Adult data only; author is AORN-affiliated.
Read →Source checked
Each area lists manufacturers alphabetically. We describe product lines in a few words from the maker's own pages. Inclusion is not an endorsement, and nobody pays to be listed. Positioning makers such as Bone Foam are listed with operating tables; skull clamps, prone head positioners and traction tongs have their own section.
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